HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY (Theory)

Paper Code: 
24HFN323
Credits: 
04
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course will enable the students to –

  • Acquire knowledge and functions related to human body
  • Enable them to understand nutrition management in infection, stress and diseases    conditions

 

 

Course Outcomes: 

Course

Learning outcome

(at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Course Code

Course

title

24HFN 323

HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY

(Theory)

COFN99: Integrate knowledge of human anatomy and the chemistry of life and analyse etiology, pathophysiology,

and dietary modification of common bone disorders.

COFN100: Evaluate the integration of the cardiovascular and lymphatic systems in maintaining fluid balance and

immune function, and demonstrate an understanding of their interconnected roles in health and disease.

COFN101: Analyse the structure and functions of the respiratory and nervous systems, and evaluate the etiology,

pathophysiology, and clinical manifestations of the related disorders

COFN102: Examine the structure and functions of the gastrointestinal and urinary systems, evaluate the regulation of

digestive secretions, and mechanisms involved in fluid, electrolyte, and acid-base homeostasis

COFN103: Explain the anatomy and physiology of endocrine and reproductive systems, and analyse the hormonal

regulation of various physiological processes and reproductive processes.

COFN104: Contribute effectively in course-specific interaction

Approach in teaching:

Interactive Lectures, Discussion,

Learning activities for the students:

Self-learning assignments, Case studies on preparation of diet plans for a given situation

 

 

 

Class test, Semester end examinations, Individual and group projects

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Foundations of Human Biology, the Chemistry of Life and Clinical Perspectives
Introduction to human body and chemistry of life
• Various organs and their position 
• Homeostasis and Homeostatic imbalance 
• Meaning of Terms – anatomy, physiology, etiology, pathogenesis, pathophysiology
• Cells, tissues, membrane, glands, body cavities
 
Bone structure, types and formation
• Incidence, etiology, pathology. clinical manifestations, dietary management and 
     counselling in Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis
 
12.00
Unit II: 
Cardiovascular and Lymphatic system
 
•Heart – Structure, blood circulation, conducting system of heart, cardiac cycle,  
Blood and Plasma Protein -Composition and Function 
• Blood formation and factors controlling Erythropoiesis.
• Anatomy of blood vessels and physiology of circulation
• Blood pressure and its control
• Lymph vessels, Lymph organs and tissues
• Nonspecific defense mechanism. Immunity - cell mediated, humoral, and acquired 
 
12.00
Unit III: 
Respiratory and nervous systems
Respiratory System and associated organs
• Transport and exchange of gases
• Control of Respiration
• Lung volume and capacity 
• Incidence, etiology, diagnosis and clinical manifestations of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)
Nervous System  
• Structure of neurons, Nerve impulse transmission, structure and functions of brain and spinal cord
• Disorders of brain – stroke, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis
 
12.00
Unit IV: 
Gastro-intestinal and Urinary Systems

                                                        

  • Organs of digestive System – structure and their functions (mouth, salivary gland,     pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine)
  • Composition, function and regulation of secretions – salivary, gastric, pancreatic, bile             and intestinal juices
  • Digestion and absorption of nutrients 

Urinary System   

  • Structure and functions of urinary organs, blood supply
  • Physiology of urine formation – glomerular filtration
  • Urine volume and composition
  • Pathophysiology of renal stones
  • Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-base Homeostasis
  • Fluid compartments and fluid balance, Concentration of solution, Electrolytes, Movement of body fluids, Acid base balance

 

12.00
Unit V: 
Endocrine and Reproductive Systems

Endocrine System

  • Endocrine glands – Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreatic Islets, Pineal
  • Hormones and their mechanism of action and control of hormone secretions

 

Reproductive system

  • Structure and functions of female reproductive organs, menstrual cycle, menopause

 

 

Essential Readings: 

1.     Sears, W. G. Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses

2.     Donald C Rizzo. (2007). Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology Thomas Learning 2007

3.     Glenister, TWA & Jean RW Ross (2004) Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses CBS Publishers

4.     Anatomy and physiology in Health and Wellness; Anne Waugh & Allison Grant,13th ed, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.

References: 
  1. Keele, C.A. and Neil, E. (1978) Samson Wright’s Applied Physiology, Oxford University Press
  2. Tortora, G.J. and N. P. Anagnostakos (1984), Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Harper and Row Publisher, New York
  3. Armstrong, K.F. Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses. Pearce, A. Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses, Faber and Faber
  4. Pike and Brown: Nutrition – An integrated approach – John Wiley and sons, New York
  5. Robinson C.H., Lawler M.R. ‘Normal and Therapeutic Nutrition’. Macmillan

 

Academic Year: 
2024-2025
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