MANAGEMENT OF GASTRO INTESTINAL DISEASES( HAEMORRHOIDS)

Paper Code: 
HFN 144J (a)
Credits: 
4
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 
  • To understand the causes, risk factors and underlying changes in the gastrointestinal diseases
  • To understand the role of modified diet and life style in the management of the disease and their complications

 

By the end of the course the student is expected to:

 

1. Integrate all related aspects of Gastrointestinal system from basic sciences to clinical.

2. Gain appropriate knowledge and skills about normal and abnormal structures and functions of the gastrointestinal tract.

3. Gain knowledge about pathological conditions and dietary management of gastrointestinal diseases.

 

12.00
Unit I: 
UNIT I

1.     Anatomy and Physiology

·       Organs of digestive System – structure and their functions (mouth, salivary gland, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine)

Accessory Organ - structure and their functions (Liver, Pancreas, Gall bladder

12.00
Unit II: 
UNIT II
  1. Introduction to secretions
  • Mechanism of secretion, function and control – salivary secretion, gastric secretion, intestinal secretions, pancreatic secretion, bile secretion

 

  1. Digestion and absorption of nutrients
  • Digestion and Absorption of Carbohydrates
  • Digestion and Absorption of Proteins
  • Digestion and Absorption of Lipids
  • Absorption of water, electrolytes, Ca++, Fe++
  • Absorption of Vitamins
  • Body Energetics, Dietary balance, and Regulation of food intake

 

12.00
Unit III: 
UNIT III
  1. Etiology, metabolic changes, clinical manifestations, complications and dietary management of the following Gastro-Intestinal Diseases and Disorders
  • Oesophageal disorders - Achalasia, Dysphagia, Varices, Esophagitis
  • Stomach disorders - Gastritis (Acute & Chronic), Peptic Ulcer, Gastro esophageal Reflux Disorder (GERD), Hiatal hernia, Bariatric surgery
  • Small Intestines disorders – Malabsorption, steatorrhea, Inflammatory bowel diseases (Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis), Short Bowel Syndrome
  • Colon disorders – Diverticulitis, Irritable bowel syndrome, Ulcerative Colitis

 

12.00
Unit IV: 
UNIT IV
  1. Haemorrhoids
  • Introduction, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology and Risk factors
  • Classification and Grading of haemorrhoids
  • Clinical evaluation of haemorrhoids
  • Complications of haemorrhoids
  • Dietary and lifestyle management of haemorrhoids
  • Medical treatment – Non- operative and Operative
  • Difference between haemorrhoids, fissures, and fistulas

 

15.00
Unit V: 
UNIT V
  1. Incidence, etiology, metabolic changes, clinical manifestations, complications, and dietary management of the Diseases related to accessory organs of Digestive system
  • Gall Bladder Diseases – Cholelithiasis, Cholecystitis  
  • Liver Diseases –Hepatitis, Liver Cirrhosis
  • Pancreatic Diseases – Pancreatitis (Acute & Chronic)

 

Essential Readings: 

 

Journals :

  • Mahan, L.K. & Ecott-Stump, S. (2000) : Krause’s Food, Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 10th Edition, W.B. Saunders Pvt. Ltd.
  • Shils, M.E. Olson, J.A., Shike, N. and Ross, A.C. (Ed) (1999) : Modern Nutrition in Health & Disease, 9th Edition, Williams and Wilkins.
  • Escott-Stump, S. (1998) : Nutrition and Diagnosis Related Care, 4th Edition, Williams and Wilkins.
  • Garrow, J.S., James, W.P.T. and Ralph, A. (2000) : Human Nutrition Dietetics, 10th Edition, Churchill Livingstone.
  • Williams, S.R. (1993) : Nutrition and Diet Therapy, 7th Edition, Times Mirror/Mosby College Publishing.
  • Davis, J. and Sherer, K. (1994) : Applied Nutrition and Diet Therapy  for Nurses, 2nd Edition, W.B. Saunders Co.
  • Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E. (1999) : Textbook of Medical Phyiology, W.B. Saunders Co.
  • Ritchie, A.C. (1990) : Boyd’s Textbook of Pathology, 9th Edition, Lea and Febiger, Philadelphia.
  • Fauci, S.A. et al (1998) : Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, 14th Edition, McGraw Hill.
  • Khanna, K., Gupta, S. and Seth, R. (1999). Textbook of Nutrition and Dietetics, Phoenix Pub. House Pvt. Ltd. , New Delhi.
  • Antia, F.P. and Abraham, P. (1997). Clinical Dietetics and Nutrition. Oxford University Press, Delhi.
  • Robinson, C.H. and Lawler, M.R. (1986). Normal and Therapeutic Nutrition. Macmillan, New York.
    • Nutrition Update Series.
    • World Review of Nutrition and Dietetics.
    • Journal of the American Dietetic Association.
    • Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics
    • American Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
    • European Journal of Clinical Nutrition.
    • Nutrition Reviews.
    • Lancet

 

Academic Year: 
2023-2024
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