HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY (Theory)

Paper Code: 
25HFN323
Credits: 
04
Contact Hours: 
60.00
Max. Marks: 
100.00
Objective: 

This course will enable the students to –

·       Acquire knowledge and functions related to human body

·       Enable them to understand nutrition management in infection, stress and disease conditions

Course Outcomes: 

Course

Learning outcome (at course level)

Learning and teaching strategies

Assessment Strategies

Course Code

Course title

 

 

 

 

25HFN

323

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY

(Theory)

COFN99: Integrate knowledge of

human anatomy and the chemistry of life and            analyse etiology,

pathophysiology, and dietary modification of common bone disorders.

COFN100: Evaluate the integration

of the cardiovascular and lymphatic

systems in maintaining fluid balance

and immune function, and demonstrate an            understanding            of their interconnected roles in health and disease.

COFN101: Analyse the structure and

functions  of  the  respiratory  and

nervous systems, and evaluate the

etiology,pathophysiology,            and clinical manifestations  of therelated disorders

COFN102: Examine the structure

and functions of the gastrointestinal

and urinary systems, evaluate the

regulation of digestive secretions, and mechanisms involved in fluid, electrolyte, and acid- base homeostasis

COFN103: Explain the anatomy and

physiology        of            endocrine and reproductive systems, and analyse the hormonal

regulation of various physiological

processes and reproductive processes.

COFN104: Contribute effectively in

course-specific interaction

Approach

in

teaching:

Interactive

Lectures, Discussion,

Learning

activities

for the

students:

Self-learning

assignments,

Case studies

on

preparation

of diet plans

for a given

situation

Class test,

Semester end

examinations,

Individual and

group projects

 

12.00
Unit I: 
Foundations of Human Biology, the Chemistry of Life and Clinical Perspectives

Introduction to human body and chemistry of life

·       Various organs and their position

·       Homeostasis and Homeostatic imbalance

·       Meaning of Terms – anatomy, physiology, etiology, pathogenesis, pathophysiology

·       Cells, tissues, membrane, glands, body cavities

 

Bone structure, types and formation

·      Incidence, etiology, pathology. clinical manifestations, dietary management and counselling in Rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, osteoporosis

12.00
Unit II: 
Cardiovascular and Lymphatic system

·       Heart – Structure, blood circulation, conducting system of heart, cardiac cycle,

·       Blood and Plasma Protein -Composition and Function

·       Blood formation and factors controlling Erythropoiesis.

·       Anatomy of blood vessels and physiology of circulation

·       Blood pressure and its control

·       Lymph vessels, Lymph organs and tissues

·       Nonspecific defense mechanism. Immunity - cell mediated, humoral, and acquired

 

12.00
Unit III: 
Respiratory and nervous systems

Respiratory System and associated organs

·       Transport and exchange of gases

·       Control of Respiration

·       Lung volume and capacity

·       Incidence, etiology, diagnosis and clinical manifestations of COPD (Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease)

Nervous System

·     Structure of neurons, Nerve impulse transmission, structure and functions of brain and spinal cord

Disorders of brain – stroke, dementia, Parkinson’s disease, multiple sclerosis

12.00
Unit IV: 
Gastro-intestinal and Urinary Systems

·       Organs of digestive System – structure and their functions (mouth, salivary gland, pharynx, oesophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine)

·       Composition, function and regulation of secretions – salivary, gastric, pancreatic, bile and intestinal juices

·       Digestion and absorption of nutrients

Urinary System

·       Structure and functions of urinary organs, blood supply

·       Physiology of urine formation – glomerular filtration

·       Urine volume and composition

·       Pathophysiology of renal stones

·       Fluid, Electrolyte and Acid-base Homeostasis

·       Fluid compartments and fluid balance, Concentration of solution, Electrolytes, Movement of body fluids, Acid base balance

12.00
Unit V: 
Endocrine and Reproductive Systems

Endocrine System

·       Endocrine glands – Pituitary, Thyroid, Parathyroid, Adrenal, Pancreatic Islets, Pineal

·       Hormones and their mechanism of action and control of hormone secretions

 

Reproductive system

·       Structure and functions of female reproductive organs, menstrual cycle, menopause

Essential Readings: 

1.     Sears, W. G. Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses

2.     Donald C Rizzo. (2007). Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology. Thomas Learning 2007

3.     Glenister, TWA & Jean RW Ross (2004) Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses CBS Publishers

4.     Anatomy and physiology in Health and Wellness; Anne Waugh & Allison Grant,13th ed, Churchill Livingstone Elsevier.

References: 

1.     Keele, C.A. and Neil, E. (1978) Samson Wright’s Applied Physiology, Oxford University Press

2.     Tortora, G.J. and N. P. Anagnostakos (1984), Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, Harper and Row Publisher, New York

3.     Armstrong, K.F. Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses. Pearce, A. Anatomy and Physiology for Nurses, Faber and Faber

4.     Pike and Brown: Nutrition – An integrated approach – John Wiley and sons, New York

5.     Robinson C.H., Lawler M.R. ‘Normal and Therapeutic Nutrition’. Macmillan

 

Academic Year: 
2025-2026
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