INTRODUCTION TO GUIDANCE AND COUNSELING ( THEORY )

Introduction and techniques of counseling                                                              

a). Meaning, aims, principles and scope.

b). Techniques of counseling- Directive, non- directive, eclectic,  behavioral, psycho-  dynamic,               rapport technique, questioning, listening, reflection, acceptance, silence, leading, reassurance, non- verbal behavior, terminating  skills- special consideration, structuring the process, optimal concern, recording counseling process.

c). Types of counseling - Individual, group, marriage and family, child career, vocational guidance.

Client characteristics and Guidance services                                                               

1. Client- Characteristics, age, sex, cultural expectations.
2. Essential guidance services- educational, occupational, personal, social.
3. Placement- Educational, vocational.
4. Follow- up- After leaving institution.

Process of counseling                                                                                                       

a). Process of counseling-

1. Stage- 1- Problem exploration and clarification.
2. Stage- 2- Developing new perspectives and setting goals.
3. Stage- 3- Implementation and evaluation.

2. Roles and responsibilities of counselor.
3. Individual and group ethics in counseling .

Thereupetic methods                                                                                                         

a). Counseling therapies- Reality, rational -emotive, cognitive- behavior, group, activity, play           therapy, psycho- drama, transactional analysis, remedial and corrective measures.

b). Counseling children with specific problems- Children of divorced/ step/ single/ unwed parents,  children from  alcoholic, abusing families, latch- key / homeless children, counseling children about death/ life/ diseases.

Counseling children with anti- social attitude- fighting, destructiveness/ self destruction, verbal and physical abusiveness, tantrums, swearing, lying, stealing, teasing, disobedience, negativism and resistant behavior, chronic complaining, cruelty towards peers, animals and others, socially disadvantaged, drug addicts, alcoholics.

b). Counseling children with self conflicts- emotionally disturbed, academic problem, self destruction, poor self concept, cheating, truancy, carelessness, under achievement, day dreaming, shyness, withdrawl, anxiety and tension, distractability, short attention span, immaturity and dependent behavior, perfectionism, phobias.

c). Counseling children with terminal/ chronic diseases- Cancer HIV/ AIDS.